By Professor Dr. August Epple, Professor Dr. Jack E. Brinn (auth.)
As some distance as we're conscious, this can be the 1st try to hide the com parative body structure of the pancreatic islets in a monograph. the themes mentioned might most likely have sufficed to fill approximately part a dozen monographs, a question that turns into seen from a glance on the Contents. consequently, we have now attempted to provide the ma terial extra within the kind of a digest, to stress evolutionary views, to show serious matters, and to spot tough subject matters for destiny study. This strategy required an arbitrary aid of the num ber of references, and we for this reason subscribe to the refrain of contemporary authors who beg their colleagues for knowing if a few of their courses don't seem within the bibliography. maintaining with the present literature was once like struggling with a type of monsters that develop a number of new heads for every one who is bring to an end. however, we are hoping that we've got lined many of the key guides as much as the fall of 1986. We gratefully recognize the recommendation of many colleagues, and particularly the priceless criticisms of Robert L. Hazelwood and Erika Plisetskaya. targeted thank you are end result of the sequence editor, Donald S. Farner, for his persistence and tips, either one of which have been clean facts of his mythical diplomatic talents. ultimately, we want to thank Dr. D. Czeschlik and his employees on the Springer Verlag for his or her endurance and help. Philadelphia, PA AUGUST EpPLE Greenville, NC JACK E. BRINN September 1987 v Contents bankruptcy 1. advent .......................... .
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Extra resources for The Comparative Physiology of the Pancreatic Islets
Sample text
1985). 28 0- - 1--1 EP Fig. 1. Islet follicles (J) surround the lower bile duct (B) in Myxinidae. All islet tissue is concentrated in this region and totally separated from the presumptive equivalents of the exocrine pancreas (EP), which occur in the intestinal mucosa (Epple 1969). 1 Agnatha The extant cyclostomes are the only survivors of the "agnathan" stage of vertebrate evolution (Hardisty 1979, 1982). The islet organ of the Myxinidae, which lack a larval stage, has many B-cells and a varying number of somatostatin cells throughout the life cycle.
Whereas in all cases the dorsal anlage probably persists, the ventral anlagen may (a) fuse, (b) totally disappear or (c) develop only unilaterally as, for example, in the human. In mammals, the derivatives of the dorsal and ventral anlagen fuse almost indistinguishably, although the duct system and differences in cell populations of the adult pancreas reflect the respective origins (see Chap. 3). The chicken pancreas develops from three anlagen, a dorsal one appearing at 72 h of incubation and two ventral ones at 96 h (Przybylski 1967).
2, Reptilia). , Falkmer and Van Noorden 1983; and below Sect. 2), need not be discussed here in detail. Possible pitfalls are illustrated by (1) staining of neuropeptide Y neurons with anti-PP (Stjernquist et al. 1983), (2) unspecific binding of immunoglobulins to somatostatin and glucagon cells through a non-antigen-antibody mechanism, mediated by the C 1q fraction of complement (Buffa et al. 1979; see also Grube and Aebert 1981), and (3) interference by intracellular amines with the reaction between antibodies and peptide hormones (Polak and Buchan 1980).