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By Mark Stille
Santa Cruz is the forgotten provider conflict of 1942. regardless of fantasy, the japanese provider strength used to be now not destroyed at halfway yet survived to nonetheless turn out a hazard within the Pacific theater. Nowhere used to be this clearer than within the conflict of Santa Cruz of October 1942. The stalemate at the floor within the Guadalcanal crusade resulted in the key naval forces of either belligerents changing into inexorably a growing number of eager about the struggling with, each one trying to win the foremost victory that will open the best way for a step forward on land as well.
The US activity strength sixty one less than the command of Rear Admiral Kinkaid and such as the providers Hornet and company, in addition the battleship South Dakota and a couple of cruisers and destroyers, intercepted the japanese fleet, which boasted 4 providers - Shokaku, Zuikaku, Junyo and Zuiho - in addition to 4 battleships and diverse different ships, on 26 October. although US plane controlled to break the japanese vendors heavily, in flip Hornet was once so badly broken that shed needed to be sunk, whereas company was once hit and wanted wide upkeep. either side withdrew on the finish of the action.
The eastern have been capable of achieve a tactical victory at Santa Cruz and got here very as regards to scoring a strategic victory, yet they paid a really excessive expense in airplane and aircrew that avoided them from following up their victory. by way of their worthwhile aircrew, the conflict used to be even more high priced than even halfway and had a major effect at the skill of the japanese to hold out provider war in a significant manner.
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Extra resources for Santa Cruz 1942: Carrier Duel in the South Pacific (Campaign, Volume 247)
Example text
REKATA BAY 500km Seaplane base Air base American CORAL SEA THE SLOT Vella Lavella I. New Georgia Bougainville Buin Shortland I. Solomon Sea New Britain Gasmata Rabaul New Ireland Kaiveng Buna NEW Salamaua GUINEA Lae Admiralty Is. Truk (820 miles from Rabaul) O C E A N P A C I F I C S O U T H Gilbert Is. Fiji Is. Suva Ellice Is. American and Japanese bases in the South Pacific, September–October 1942 Cruz Islands. This would place the Americans at the edge of the range of land-based air support from Espiritu Santo, so Halsey ordered the carriers to search aggressively for Japanese forces.
Naval History and Heritage Command) RIGHT A Type 99 carrier bomber shot down directly over Enterprise on August 24. Only eight of the 27 dive-bombers that attacked TF-16 during the battle returned to their carriers. com LEFT Enterprise is hit by Japanese dive-bombers. The view is from heavy cruiser Portland. (Naval History and Heritage Command) RIGHT This spectacular shot is the third bomb to hit Enterprise during the battle of the Eastern Solomons. The bomb was a 532-pound high-explosive bomb which probably rendered only a low-order detonation.
This was the most controversial decision of the battle. Though his original plan called for the sweep north of the Santa Cruz Islands to be executed only in the absence of enemy carriers, Halsey did not cancel the movement now that he had solid information that Nagumo was in the area. Instead of keeping the carriers south of Guadalcanal able to react to direct threats to the Marines, Halsey sent them into an operation at the edge of land-based air support. The reasons for this remain unclear. Halsey was confident, perhaps overconfident, of the capabilities of the American carriers to handle their Japanese counterparts.