By J Aguiar; Lech Czarnecki
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Example text
1). 2 mm/m according to [2] and [3] after 90 days, however, were sometimes significantly exceeded by several recipes. Especially dry storage (storage B) which offers the worst hydration conditions for the cement stone, led to enormous shrinkage in the case of PCC no matter if their p/c ratio was high or low. Most recipes did not reach their final shrinkage measure after 90 days. This result illustrates that a shrinkage determination after 28 days can only produce approximate values. General statements as to the development of the shrinkage behaviour and thus as to the possibly occurring stresses within the PCCs are not possible after this period of time.
The stone slices were pre-wetted to achieve an as good as possible adhesive bond. After 24 h the samples were demoulded and stored in normal climate. After 28 days steel testing stamps were applied on both sides of the samples by means of a PMMAadhesive. The samples then underwent a tensile test by means of the universal testing device TIRAtest 28100. The samples were fixed lateral-force-free. The testing speed was 100 N/s. A testing series consisted of 4 individual samples. In the course of analysing the fracture force was determined and the fracture pattern was judged.
The effects of PVA modified with nano clay on the cement hydration reaction have been investigated by means of semiadiabatic calorimeter, FTIR spectroscopy and SEM. FTIR spectroscopy was employed to monitor chemical transformation of cement. The morphology of the different samples was compared by means of SEM micrographs. With the semiadiabatic calorimeter the hydration kinetic was measured to compare the heat rate of the admixtures materials. % related to cement). The polymer and modified polymer admixtures produced a retardation effect on the kinetic of cement hydration, but the clay acts as nucleating agent.