By Enrique Saldivar-Guerra, Eduardo Vivaldo-Lima
Masking a vast diversity of polymer technological know-how issues, Handbook of Polymer Synthesis, Characterization, and Processing presents polymer pros and researchers in polymer technological know-how and know-how with a unmarried, accomplished instruction manual summarizing all points serious about the polymer construction chain. The guide specializes in industrially very important polymers, analytical concepts, and formula tools, with chapters masking step-growth, radical, and co-polymerization, crosslinking and grafting, response engineering, complex expertise purposes, together with conjugated, dendritic, and nanomaterial polymers and emulsions, and characterization equipment, together with spectroscopy, gentle scattering, and microscopy.Content:
Chapter 1 creation to Polymers and Polymer kinds (pages 1–14): Enrique Saldivar?Guerra and Eduardo Vivaldo?Lima
Chapter 2 Polymer States and homes (pages 15–39): J. Betzabe Gonzalez?Campos, Gabriel Luna?Barcenas, Diana G. Zarate?Trivino, Arturo Mendoza?Galvan, Evgen Prokhorov, Francisco Villasenor?Ortega and Isaac C. Sanchez
Chapter three Step?Growth Polymerization (pages 41–63): Luis E. Elizalde, Gladys de los Santos?Villarreal, Jose L. Santiago?Garcia and Manuel Aguilar?Vega
Chapter four loose Radical Polymerization (pages 65–83): Ramiro Guerrero?Santos, Enrique Saldivar?Guerra and Jose Bonilla?Cruz
Chapter five Coordination Polymerization (pages 85–104): Joao B. P. Soares and Odilia Perez
Chapter 6 Copolymerization (pages 105–125): Marc A. Dube, Enrique Saldivar?Guerra and Ivan Zapata?Gonzalez
Chapter 7 Anionic Polymerization (pages 127–162): Roderic Quirk
Chapter eight Cationic Polymerizations (pages 163–185): Filip E. Du Prez, Eric J. Goethals and Richard Hoogenboom
Chapter nine Crosslinking (pages 187–204): Julio Cesar Hernandez?Ortiz and Eduardo Vivaldo?Lima
Chapter 10 Polymer amendment: Functionalization and Grafting (pages 205–223): Jose Bonilla?Cruz, Mariamne Dehonor, Enrique Saldivar?Guerra and Alfonso Gonzalez?Montiel
Chapter eleven Polymer ingredients (pages 225–247): Rudolf Pfaendner
Chapter 12 Polymer response Engineering (pages 249–271): Alexander Penlidis, Eduardo Vivaldo?Lima, Julio Cesar Hernandez?Ortiz and Enrique Saldivar?Guerra
Chapter thirteen Bulk and resolution procedures (pages 273–294): Marco A. Villalobos and Jon Debling
Chapter 14 Dispersed?Phase Polymerization methods (pages 295–315): Jorge Herrera?Ordonez, Enrique Saldivar?Guerra and Eduardo Vivaldo?Lima
Chapter 15 New Polymerization methods (pages 317–334): Eduardo Vivaldo?Lima, Carlos Guerrero?Sanchez, Christian H. Hornung, Irais A. Quintero?Ortega and Gabriel Luna?Barcenas
Chapter sixteen Polymer Spectroscopy and Compositional research (pages 335–354): Gladys de los Santos?Villarreal and Luis E. Elizalde
Chapter 17 Polymer Molecular Weight dimension (pages 355–366): Maria Guadalupe Neira?Velazquez, Maria Teresa Rodriguez?Hernandez, Ernesto Hernandez?Hernandez and Antelmo R. Y. Ruiz?Martinez
Chapter 18 mild Scattering and its functions in Polymer Characterization (pages 367–389): Roberto Alexander?Katz
Chapter 19 Small?Angle X?Ray Scattering of Polymer structures (pages 391–407): Carlos A. Avila?Orta and Francisco J. Medellin?Rodriguez
Chapter 20 Microscopy (pages 409–424): Mariamne Dehonor, Carlos Lopez?Barron and Christopher W. Macosko
Chapter 21 constitution and Mechanical houses of Polymers (pages 425–434): Manuel Aguilar?Vega
Chapter 22 Polymer Rheology (pages 435–449): Estanislao Ortiz?Rodriguez
Chapter 23 ideas of Polymer Processing (pages 451–461): Luis F. Ramos?De Valle
Chapter 24 Blown movies and Ribbons Extrusion (pages 463–472): Jorge R. Robledo?Ortiz, Daniel E. Ramirez?Arreola, Denis Rodrigue and Ruben Gonzalez?Nunez
Chapter 25 Polymer recommendations and Processing (pages 473–491): Damaso Navarro Rodriguez
Chapter 26 wooden and typical Fiber?Based Composites (NFCs) (pages 493–503): Jorge R. Robledo?Ortiz, Francisco J. Fuentes?Talavera, Ruben Gonzalez?Nunez and Jose A. Silva?Guzman
Chapter 27 Polymer Blends (pages 505–517): Saul Sanchez?Valdes, Luis F. Ramos?De Valle and Octavio Manero
Chapter 28 Thermosetting Polymers (pages 519–533): Jean?Pierre Pascault and Roberto J. J. Williams
Chapter 29 carrying out Polymers (pages 535–557): Maria Judith Percino and Victor Manuel Chapela
Chapter 30 Dendritic Polymers (pages 559–584): Jason Dockendorff and Mario Gauthier
Chapter 31 Polymer Nanocomposites (pages 585–604): Octavio Manero and Antonio Sanchez?Solis
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Additional info for Handbook of Polymer Synthesis, Characterization, and Processing
Example text
Odian [8] recommends to classify a polymer attending both, structure and mechanism, in order to avoid this problem. 4 contain examples of common addition and condensation polymers, respectively. 3 Examples of Common Addition Polymers Addition Polymers Polyacrylonitrile Poly(methyl methacrylate) CH2 CH2 CH Polyethylene CH CH2 CH2 CH3 CH2 C CO2CH3 Classification by Chain Topology Two polymers having the same chemical composition but different chain topology can exhibit profound differences in crystallinity, physical properties, rheological behavior, and so on.
Of course, natural polymers are of great importance, but they fall out of the scope of this handbook, which is mainly concerned with synthetic polymers. Also, among the synthetic polymers, one can distinguish between organic and inorganic polymers, depending on 12 INTRODUCTION TO POLYMERS AND POLYMER TYPES the presence or absence of carbon atoms in the polymer chain backbone. Synthetic organic polymers are by far the most studied and utilized polymeric substances of the two categories, mainly because of the availability of organic monomers coming from the petrochemical industry, and this handbook is mainly concerned with this type of polymers.
Some authors have reported molecular dynamics analysis in CS by dielectric measurements with no evidence associated with a glass transition. [19–21] These studies reported local main chain motions at the high frequency side, the β-relaxation process, and at higher temperature the so-called σ -relaxation produced by proton migration [20, 21]. It is well known that this biopolymer is highly hydrophilic and that small amounts of water affect its molecular relaxations. This effect has been reported on wet CS, since it exhibits an additional relaxation referred to as the βwet -relaxation [19–21].