By Assefaw Bariagaber
Essentially the most critical threats to peace, defense and the sovereignty of countries within the post-Cold warfare period is inhabitants migration. a very unstable kind of this possibility is the worldwide refugee challenge and nowhere is that this factor extra critical than in Africa. This publication bargains a finished research of refugee event within the Horn of Africa. It contains an exam of the dynamics of flight from the rustic of starting place, payment in exile and repatriation to the rustic of starting place. Such an integrative method units this booklet except different stories and should function a reader for classes on ethno-national conflicts, migration, overseas politics, safeguard and African politics.
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Extra resources for Conflict And the Refugee Experience: Flight, Exile, And Repatriation in the Horn of Africa (Contemporary Perspectives on Developing Societies) (Contemporary Perspectives on Developing Societies)
Sample text
Unable or unwilling to challenge the Italians and expand northwards, yet determined to take a piece of the pie at a time when European colonizers were carving up the Horn of Africa, Emperor Menelik II extended Ethiopia’s rule in every other conceivable direction. And by the early 1900s, Ethiopia had expanded to about four times the size it had in the 1880s. According to Marcus (2002, 104), Emperor Menelik II’s determination ‘re–established Ethiopia’s control of the southern regions, which were lost in the seventeenth century, and restored ‘Ethiopia to its historic grandeur and size’.
Similarly, hundreds of thousands of refugees who fled Rwanda after the RPF seized power were repatriated in 1996. Although on a much smaller scale, other repatriations have also occurred elsewhere in Africa. For example, by the end of 1995, approximately 25,000 Liberians were repatriated from neighboring countries and nearly 35,000 Malian refugees returned to their places of habitual residence. When the numbers between those who fled and those who returned are compared, however, the evidence points in favor of the former.
While Somalia and Sudan are overwhelmingly Muslim and members of the Arab League, the Muslim populations of Eritrea and Ethiopia comprise roughly 50 per cent of the population. 4 Therefore, because of their capacity to destabilize each other, their roles in generating and or hosting refugees, and the presence of strong centrifugal tendencies and political cleavages in each country, the selection of 3 West African countries, including Liberia and Sierra Leone, have also become simultaneous refugee origin and refugee host countries.