By Anita J. Prażmowska (auth.)
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Additional info for Civil War in Poland, 1942–1948
Example text
When the Soviet Union agreed to state merely that the German–Soviet agreements of 1939 lost their relevance, the president refused to grant Sikorski powers to sign the political agreement. More dangerous was Sosnkowski’s disapproval. The parties that supported the government also disagreed over Sikorski’s desire to proceed on the basis of what the Soviet Union was prepared to concede. When Sikorski went ahead with the signing of the agreement, during the following weeks he faced several crises.
His death in custody was most likely caused by torture. It was not unknown for individuals to be arrested and as a result of torture and intimidation to reveal all they knew about their organizations, which then led to further arrests. At various stages of the war infiltration and arrests affected underground organizations. Thus a carefully built-up organization could be wiped out completely. In the case of a radical nationalist organization called Miecz i Pl´ug (The Sword and the Plough) the leadership was either persuaded to cooperate with the Gestapo or it was infiltrated by informers.
The frequency with which they appeared, their quality as well as their distribution, gave an indication of an organization’s ability to sustain itself in difficult circumstances. A summary prepared in November 1941 confirmed the picture that the earlier political report provided. The existence of news sheets, which put forward a communist agenda, suggested that some sections of the old KPP were trying to rebuild the movement in Poland. 17 The next report prepared in June 1942 suggested that the extreme left-wing organizations, not connected directly with the Communist Party, were on the offensive.