By Thomas Hurka
What are advantage and vice, and the way do they relate to different ethical homes similar to goodness and rightness? Thomas Hurka defends a particular perfectionist view based on which the virtues are higher-level intrinsic items, ones that contain morally acceptable attitudes to different, self sufficient items and evils. He develops this hugely unique view intimately and argues for its superiority over rival perspectives, together with these given via advantage ethics.
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Publish 12 months be aware: First released in 2008
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Extra resources for Virtue, Vice, and Value
Sample text
I do not find this view of pleasure and pain as persuasive as one in terms of introspectible qualities. But even if Nozick's theory included it and successfully valued pleasure and pain, it would still face the difficulties I raise later about its derivation of higher-level from base-level claims. MERITS AND IMPLICATIONS 39 nor displeased, by what one knows. As valued in the recursion-clauses, however, the relation of unity does involve intentional directedness. In clause (LG), for example, it involves love of or a positive orientation toward an object for its own sake.
What is valuable, then, is not just unity but unity in diversity, or bringing into an organized structure elements that are strongly individual, so their successful integration is a surprise. Nozick argues that this ideal of unity in diversity successfully unifies base- and higher-level values: “The V-ing [or loving] verbs are verbs of unification; the relationships they specify establish and embody complex unities of the person with (what realizes) the values. ”52 If an intrinsic good exists, in other words, an organic unity exists.
Again, the recursive characterization endorses this view. It likewise implies that if an athlete pursues a difficult goal, such as leading his team to a championship, only in order to increase his salary, his doing so is less good than if he valued the championship and the skilful play it demands in part for their own sakes. At the same time as they imply these attractive claims, the recursion-clauses unify and explain them. At first sight, the judgments that compassion for suffering and love of a sport are intrinsically good and pleasure in malice is evil seem unconnected.