By C.R. Blass
Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) is the main common polymer in contemporary healthcare industry. it really is nonetheless the polymer of selection for unmarried use presterilised clinical units after greater than 50 years of carrier and it maintains to dominate in cost-performance phrases. PVC has key homes that have inspired elevated intake yr on yr, regardless of opposed media insurance on the subject of attainable wellbeing and fitness and environmental results. This e-book will end up a mine of important and sensible details for healthcare execs, scientific gadget brands and clinical polymer manufacturers. a quick bibliography presents entry to extra assets of knowledge.
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Extra resources for The role of poly(vinyl chloride) in healthcare
Sample text
The facility is often run as an inplant operation by major manufacturers of disposable medical devices. e. the environmental concerns associated with the use of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) in ethylene oxide sterilisation techniques, which was restricting the growth of this market particularly in the United States. 2. 3 Radiation Sterilisation Gamma rays from the radioisotope cobalt 60 are the most widely used form of ionising radiation applied to the sterilisation of single use medical devices. They are extremely penetrating bringing about a lethal effect on microorganisms without any significant temperature rise.
Polypropylene demonstrates severe loss of elongation, embrittlement and continues to degrade after irradiation. However newer grades with improved irradiation resistance are now being offered. Those materials best avoided using these techniques include acetal which embrittles and discolours, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) which embrittles, and certain aliphatic polyamides. An equally important requirement with PVC compounds is the prevention of further colour development on long-term storage after radiation sterilisation (even if the initial colour change is minimal).
However in common with many polymer systems PVC interacts with blood, biofluids and tissue to set off a whole cascade of protein mediated reactions including complement activation. Some additional 25 biocompatibility parameters have been identified, some of which may assume significance in patients experiencing particular clinical complications. A particular study of PVC-blood interactions has been a major focus of ongoing research within the University of Strathclyde during the last 15 years, with particular reference to extracorporeal circulation for blood purification, cardiovascular bypass and cardiopulmonary bypass [14] [15] [16].