Sovereignty over Natural Resources: Balancing Rights and by Nico Schrijver

By Nico Schrijver

This examine analyzes the evolution of everlasting sovereignty from a political declare to a precept of foreign legislation, and examines its value for such debatable matters as peoples' rights, nationalization, and environmental politics. Dr. Schrijver argues that corollary rights on hand via everlasting sovereignty has to be obvious along the corollary tasks additionally they entail. He hence identifies new instructions sovereignty over ordinary assets has taken in an more and more interdependent global.

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37). See also R. J. ), The Dictionary of Human Geography (2nd edn, London: Blackwell, 1986) pp. 408-9; Secretariat for Future Studies (1980: chapter 2). 14 INTRODUCTION It has often been stated that the distinction between the two categories is blurred: 'many so-called renewable resources (eroded soils, endangered species, 1,000-year-old tropical forests) are not renewable in any practical sense. On the other hand, many non-renewable resources (coal, oil and certain minerals), if not inexhaustible in an absolute sense, are inexhaustible in a practical sense, because of technology, substitution and the operation of the market/48 Data on availability and exploitability of resources depend very much on knowledge, technology, social structures, use and human investment.

6 Cold War rivalry added to the heat of the debate. The ideological competition between the two major social and economic systems had a profound impact on the debate on permanent sovereignty. There were significant opposing views on the rights of colonial peoples, on issues of State succession, on the right to property protection and the respect for acquired rights, on the role of foreign investment in the development process and on the inclusion of the right to self-determination and of socio-economic rights in international human rights law.

Of course, the discussion on the subjects of the right to permanent sovereignty cannot be dissociated from the general discussion on the subjects of international law. '21 However, although States are still the primary subjects of international law today, they are no longer the only subjects. 22 Other intergovernmental organizations have since been treated similarly. The circle has further widened due to legal developments pertaining to the principle of self-determination of peoples and to human rights, which have endowed peoples and individuals with rights and obligations under international law.

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