By J. Cabrita
Mozambique's civil struggle used to be inevitable given the culture of clash that had regularly characterised Frelimo, first as an independence circulation, after which as a ruling occasion. with no pushing aside the position performed by means of either Rhodesia and South Africa within the war—in truth offering new and targeted information regarding it—Jo?o Cabrita publications the reader via Frelimo's early days and offers a transparent realizing of the trend of inner dissent, persecution and actual removal of contributors and rivals that remained the organization's hallmark.
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Sample text
Mondlane informed the chargé d'affaires that he had raised this issue with Kambona, pointing out to him that a continuation of the existing arrangement, whereby Gwambe had ample resources while both the Udenamo and MANU treasuries were empty, meant that the Mozambique nationalist movement belonged to Gwambe and he in turn could deliver it to his Ghanaian and Russian paymasters. 14 Mondlane's recommendations were music to the Tanzanians' ears in view of their reluctance to have an organization based in their country, but under Ghanaian influence.
The battle marked the end of the Kingdom of Gaza headed by Gungunyane, a grandson of Soshangane. 49 He died in the Azores in 1906. Even now the animosity between those living to the south and north of the Save River is still felt. Ironically, Portugal played a stabilizing role in southern and thereafter central Mozambique, forcing conflictual ethnic groups to live together, calling all of them Portuguese from a land as artificial as their new identity. The so-called Shangaan derogatorily refer to the Chope as the tsungu wa ndangani, literally meaning the native whites.
Page x A special thanks to Joele and Carla and others who reviewed the manuscript and advised on ways of enhancing its style and format. The views and interpretation of events expressed in this book are mine and do not reflect any other position, official or otherwise. Page xi List of Abbreviations AMMAssociação Académia de MoçambiqueADEVAssociação Desportiva Estrela VermelhaAIMAgência de Informação de MoçambiqueAmodegAssociação Moçambicana de Desmobilizados de GuerraANCAfrican National CongressBMATTBritish Military Advisory and Training TeamBOBrigada de OperaçõesBOSSBureau of State SecurityBTIBrigada Técnica de InvestigaçõesCAILComplexo Agro-Industrial do LimpopoCIMContra-Inteligência MilitarCIOCentral Intelligence OrganizationCONCPConferencia das Organizações Nacionalistas das Colónias PortuguesasCoremoComité Revolucionário de MoçambiqueDGSDirecção Geral de SegurançaDIPDepartamento de Informação e PropagandaDMIDepartment of Military IntelligenceDPCCNDepartamento de Prevenção e Combate às Calamidades NaturaisDSLDefense Systems LimitedDTIPDepartamento do Trabalho Ideológico do PartidoGDGrupo DinamizadorGEGrupos EspeciaisGEPGrupos Especiais Pára-quedistasGLCBGrupo de Luta Contra BandidosGVPGrupos de Vigilância PopularFAMForças Armadas de MoçambiqueFLNAFrente de Libertação Nacional de AngolaFrelimoFrente de Libertação de MoçambiqueFumoFrente Unida Democrática de MoçambiqueFunipamoFrente Unida Anti-imperialista Popular Africana de MoçambiqueICSInstituto de Comunicação SocialIMInstituto MoçambicanoINLDInstituto Nacional do Livro e do Disco Page xii MAAMakonde African AssociationMANCMozambique African National CongressMANUMozambique African National UnionMFAMovimento das Forças ArmadasMMLMovimento Moçambique LivreMPLAMovimento Popular de Libertação de AngolaONJOrganização Nacional de JornalistasPAIGCPartido Africano para a Independência da Guiné e Cabo VerdePCNPartido de Coligação NacionalPICPolícia de Investigação CriminalPIDEPolícia Internacional e de Defesa do EstadoPRMPartido Revolucionário de MoçambiqueRemoResistência MoçambicanaRenamoResistência Nacional MoçambicanaSADFSouth African Defense ForceSAPASouth African Press AssociationSARDCSouthern Africa Research and Documentation CentreSASSpecial Air ServiceSIIPServiço de Informação Interna do PartidoSMOServiço Militar ObrigatórioSnaspServiço Nacional de Segurança PopularSocimoSociedade Comercial e Industrial de MoçambiqueTANUTanganyika African National UnionTISTanzania Intelligence ServiceTPDFTanzania People's Defense ForceUdenamoUnião Democrática Nacional de MoçambiqueUnamiUnião Nacional Africana de Moçambique IndependenteUNARUnião Nacional Africana de RumbéziaUNHCRUnited Nations High Commissioner for RefugeesUNITAUnião Nacional para a Independência Total de AngolaUPAUnião dos Povos de AngolaZANUZimbabwe African National UnionZNAZimbabwe National Army Page xiii Page xiv Map 1 — Mozambique Designed by Haider-Soft Page xv Introduction In October 1992, the Frelimo government of Mozambique and the Renamo guerrilla movement signed a peace accord that ended a 16-year civil war.