By Michael Ashby
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Additional info for Metal Foams: A Design Guide
Sample text
U.... 143), ,- " crcl/2 ,,. 1 . . . . . . . . 2 . . . . . . . r . . . . 4 Density (Mg/m 3) . . . 6 . . . 8 . . . 1 . The compressive strength plotted against density for currently available metal foams. 7 Specific stiffness and strength Stiffness and strength at low weight are sought in many applications. Caution must be exercised here. If axial stiffness and strength are what is wanted, the proper measure of the first is E/p and of the second is Crc/p. But if bending stiffness and strength are sought then E1/2/p and cr2/3/p (beams) or E1/3/p and Crc1/2/p (panels) are the proper measures.
5. The cell size is determined by the powder particle size, and lies in the range 10 ~tm to 10 mm. In an alternative but closely related process, a bed of particles of the leachable material is infiltrated by liquid metal under pressure, and allowed to cool. Leaching of the particles again gives a cellular metallic structure of great uniformity. 10 Gas-metal eutectic solidification Numerous metal alloy-hydrogen binary phase diagrams exhibit a eutectic; these include AI-, Be-, Cr-, Cu-, Fe-, Mg-, Mn- and Ni-based alloys.
17, 457. Chapter 4 Properties of metal foams The characteristics of a foam are best summarized by describing the material from which it is made, its relative density, P/Ps (the foam density, p, divided by that of the solid material of the cell wall, Ps), and stating whether it has open or closed cells. Beyond this, foam properties are influenced by structure, particularly by anisotropy and by defects - by which we mean wiggly, buckled or broken cell walls, and cells of exceptional size or shape.