By Alberto Alesina
During this this well timed examine of the various methods of the USA and Europe to the issues of household inequality and poverty, the authors describe simply how diverse the 2 continents are within the point of country engagement within the redistribution of source of revenue. They speak about numerous attainable monetary motives for the variation, together with diversified degrees of pre-tax source of revenue, openness, and social mobility; they survey politico-historical alterations equivalent to the various actual dimension of countries, their electoral and felony platforms, and the nature in their political events, in addition to their reviews of warfare; they usually study sociological causes which come with varied attitudes to the negative and notions of social accountability, in addition to, most significantly, attitudes to race.
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U. Member States and the EEA), Social Security and Social Integration, Comparative Tables on Social Protection in the Member States, 2000. Social Security Administration, Office of Research, Evaluation, and Statistics, Social Security Programs in the United States, July 1997. Social Security Administration, Office of Research, Evaluation, and Statistics, Social Security Programs Throughout the World, 1999. Evidence from the Luxembourg Income Study All charts are based on data from Wave IV of the Luxembourg Income Study.
13 Nickell and Layard (1999); Nickell (1997). 9. 34 Notes: a Reported from Nickell and Layard (1999), using OECD Jobs Study (1994). European Union average: Austria, Belgium, Germany, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom. b Employment Outlook, 1999. European Union average: Belgium, France, Greece, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain. c European Union average: Belgium, France, Greece, Ireland, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, United Kingdom.
Secondly, Europe’s more generous provision of welfare does not stem from a greater innate endowment of altruism in Europe. ” That is, Americans (more so than Europeans) may feel that the 16 The tax code in the United States allows the tax payer to choose the standard deduction in a fixed amount or to itemize deductions. ) can one deduct the full amount for charitable contributions. 17 Putman (2000) argues that civic voluntarism has declined in the Untied States; we do not address this decline here.