By Rajesh Bhatia;R. L. Ichhpujani
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Nutrition is a process by which chemical substances called nutrients are acquired from the surrounding environment and used in cellular activities such as metabolism and growth. Bacterial growth refers to an increase in bacterial cell numbers (multiplication) which results from a programmed increase in the biomass of the bacteria. e. all cells don’t divide at precisely the same moment. NUTRIENTS Two categories of essential nutrients required are macronutrients and micronutrients. Macronutrients are required in relatively large quantities and play principal role in cell structure and metabolism.
Transformation of a bacterial cell by integration of DNA. (A) Competent recipient cell and transforming DNA. (B) Transforming DNA attacks competent cell and is degraded to single strand by cell nuclease. (C) Single strand DNA pairs with complementary bases of recipient cell chromosome. (D) Integrated transforming DNA is replicated and transformed daughter cells are formed Griffith in 1928 found that mice died when injected with a mixture of live non-capsulated (R) pneumococci and heat killed (S) pneumococci, neither of which separately proved fatal.
100,00 × 10 nm Produces striking three dimensional image 7. PART II minute structures. Accordingly magnification can also be maximum. Thus, electron microscope helps in seeing the finest structures (called the ultrastructure). The general forms of electron microscopy are: a. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM): In which microscope produces its image by transmitting electrons through the specimen. b. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM): Provides some of the most dramatic and realistic images in existence.