By Randall Fegley
This research presents a accomplished examine the heritage and politics of 1 of Africa's smallest and least recognized international locations: Equatorial Guinea. starting with the arriving of Europeans within the 1470s and finishing with the current day, it lines a sad tale of colonialism, dictatorship, socio-economic deterioration and gross human rights violations. wondering a few tested assumptions, Dr. Fegley closes with an research of the overseas buildings which were arrange to guard human rights and the attitudes that have built round them. His feedback provide thought-provoking possible choices for either Equatorial Guinea and the overseas enhancement of human rights.
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Sample text
Although during the Second World War the expansionists in Franco's government dreamed of taking an equatorial African empire composed of the Cameroons, British Nigeria and French Gabon, the complete occupation of their own tiny possession was completed only in the late 1940s. Quite early in the Spanish advance into the interior, stories filtered through to the coast about a mysterious tribe of short men who filed their teeth to points. This tribe, known first as the Pahouin, was mistakenly believed to be nomadic.
During the Nineteenth century, concession granting had been haphazard. A royal decree in July 1904 solved a number of problems in the concession system by fixing the price and granting body for all available land in both parts of the colony. Femando Po was fixed at 30 pesetas per hectare, Rio Muni at 20 pesetas per hectare and Annob6n, Corisco and the Elobeyes at 15 pesetas per hectare. The governor general was empowered to make grants up to 100 hectares for flfty years. Ministrial approval was required for concessions between 100 and 10,000 hectares and the agreement of the full cabinet in Madrid was necessary for holdings larger than 10,000 hectares.
In the 1950s the Bwiti cult in Rio Muni went from strength to strength. Protected by its secretive behavior and by the perpetual lack of understanding on the pan of the Spanish authorities, the cult became extremely chauvanistic. Such a movement might have died an ignoble death, had the colonizers realized what was happening. Instead the alar ayong became politicized and a primitive assembly, known as the Pahouin Congress, was established in the jungle. Noting its implications for Gabon, the French took increased action against the movement One French official reported, "It is certain that once their regroupment is entirely finished, once the presidents of the ayong are all elected so that they will form a kind of government presided over by an elected official, then the Fang will present us with their organization as an entity capable of governing itself.