By James C. Fogleman (auth.), J. S. F. Barker, William T. Starmer, Ross J. MacIntyre (eds.)
Ecological and evolutionary genetics span many disciplines and nearly all degrees of organic research, from the genetic details itself to the foundations governing the advanced association of residing issues. the tips and informa tion generated through ecological and evolutionary genetics give you the substance for robust inferences at the origins, alterations and styles of structural and practical association in bio logical communi ties. it's the coordination of those principles and concepts that might give you the solutions to many basic questions in biology. there is not any doubt that Drosophilids supply powerful version platforms amenable to experimental manipulation and worthy for checking out pertinent hypotheses in ecological and evolutionary genetics. The chapters during this quantity characterize efforts to take advantage of Drosophila species for any such function. the quantity involves a commitment to William B. Heed, through 4 significant sections: Ecological Genetics, Habitat choice, Biochemical Genetics and Molecular Evolution. every one part is brought by way of a quick assertion, and every bankruptcy has an self sustaining precis. The chapters comprise the sub stance of talks given at a joint Australia-US workshop held January 5-10, 1989 on the collage of latest England, New South Wales, Australia. we're indebted to the department of foreign courses of the nationwide technology beginning (USA) and to the technology and expertise Collaboration portion of the dep. of undefined, know-how and trade (Australia) for the provi sion of monetary help lower than the US/Australia technology and expertise contract. many folks contributed to the guidance of this volume.
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Extra info for Ecological and Evolutionary Genetics of Drosophila
Example text
The evolutionary significance of an allele is determined by what phenotypic effects can be transmitted through haploid gametes to future generations, and this is measured by the average excess (Templeton, 1982b). The average excess in this case is simply the average developmental time of females carrying the aa allele minus the mean developmental time for the entire population of females. 94 days; that is, on the average, females bearing an aa allele have an egg-to-adult developmental time that is about one day longer than the average developmental time for the entire female population.
The candidate locus approach greatly simplifies the long-term genetic monitoring of natural populations that is necessary for making ecological genetics into an empirical, rather than just a descriptive, science. 6. SUMMARY Natural populations of Drosophila mercatorum are variable for the number of X-linked 285 ribosomal genes bearing a 5 kb insert. A separate polymorphic x-linked gene controls whether or not 285 repeats bearing the insert are preferentially underreplicated during the formation of polytene tissue.
To overcome this drawback, we needed to measure the life history phenotypes in the field. These field studies are most easily performed in the Hawaiian populations of D. mercatorum. Like most other repleta group flies, D. mercatorum is native to the American mainland, but populations have been introduced to Hawaii where their only larval food resource is rotting cladodes of Opuntia megacantha (Johnston and Templeton, 1982). We have placed mesh net bags over such rots and aspirated the emerging progeny every day.